- (Epic of Gilgamesh) (c. 2000?-1400? BC)
- (The Vedas) (c. 2000?-200 BC)
- Hammurabi (c. 1810-1750 BC)
- (Old Testament) (c. 1400?-300? BC)
- Homer (fl.c. 850? BC)
- (The Upanishads) (c. 800?-400? BC)
- Hesiod (fl.c. 700? BC)
- Tyrtaeus (fl.c. 650? BC)
- (The Ramayana) (c. 600? BC)
- Confucius (c. 551-479 BC)
- Sun-Tzu (c. 544?-496? BC)
- (The Mahabharata) (c. 540-300 BC)
- Aeschylus (c. 525-456 BC)
- Pindar (c. 518-438 BC)
- Lao-Tzu (fl.c. 500? BC)
- Sophocles (c. 495-406 BC)
- Euripides (c. 485-406 BC)
- Herodotus (c. 484-425 BC)
- Thucydides (c. 460-400 BC)
- Hippocrates (c. 460-377? BC)
- Aristophanes (c. 448-380 BC)
- Xenophon (c. 431-354 BC)
- Plato (c. 427-347 BC)
- (Bhagavad-Gita) (c. 400 BC)
- Thiruvalluvar (c. 400?-100? BC)
- Aristotle (c. 384-322 BC)
- Epicurus (c. 341-270 BC)
- Aesop (fl.c. 300 BC)
- Euclid (fl.c. 300 BC)
- Archimedes (c. 287-212 BC)
- Apollonius of Perga (fl.c. 240 BC)
